Ch. 39 Cicero Evaluates Two Famous Roman Orators
- Marcus Antonius, as if he were an emperor positioning his own troops, was placing all the words in the most opportune parts of his oration.
- He was using gestures not for the cause of representing words but for the illumination of sentences.
- Even if his voice was hoarse by nature, even he turned this vice into good.
- For it had something doleful and suitable both for making faith and arousing pity.
- For the orator desirous of bending minds it is necessary to consider of very much value actions in speaking, just as Demosthenes says.
- Indeed, even if I give Antonius so much praise as I have already said, nevertheless in Lucius Crassus there was the highest dignity, there was with this dignity and eloquence of speaking joined with Latin.
- For just as Antonius had incredible strength for either soothing souls or exciting, so in interpreting, in defining, and in explaining with fairness no one was better than Crassus.
- This is known in the case of Manius Curius.
- Thus Crassus said so many thing against the law for fairness that he conquered the most wise man Quintus Scaevola by means of an abundance of proofs and examples.
- Whereas Crassus was thought to be the most expert of the eloquent ones, Scaevola was thought to be the most eloquent of the expert ones.
Ch. 37 Horace Meets a Boorish Fellow
- I was going on the Sacred Way, as I was accustomed, thinking about my affairs.
- A certain me known only by name runs up to me, and having seized my hands, ” How are you doing? ” he says.
- When that one follows, I, seeking terribly much to depart, at one time I was going quickly, at one time I was stopping.
- That one was speaking, praising the rodes and Rome.
- As I was responding nothing to that one, he says, ” You desire terribly much to go away.”
- I say, ” I am going to the house of this certain friend, far across the Tiber.
- ” I have nothing to do, and I am not slow; I will follow you.”
- We had come to the Temple of Vesta, already the fourth part of the day having passed, and he had to answer at that law court; unless he did do this, he would lose the law suit.
- “If you love me,” he says, ” remain here in order to help me.”
- ” I will perish, if I know the civil courts,” I say.
- ” What will I do? ” he says.
- ” Am I to abandon you or the law court?”
- Then Aristius Fustus, my dear friend, runs up.
- I seize his hand, nodding, distorting my eyes, as he seizes me.
- “Certainly you have something because you wish to discuss with me,” I say.
- ” I remember it well, but I will speak at a better time; forgive me; it is necessary for me to go away.”
- He flees and leaves me under the knife.
- Then the opponent runs up to that one: ” Where are you going away so shamefully?” he calls out in a great voice, and ”Is it permitted for me to call you as a witness?”
No. 40 Hannibal and the Romans Fight to a Draw
- A fierce storm was impeding the army of Hannibal from crossing the Appenines: a great rain mixed with wind was beating the heads of the soldiers, who were fearing that so great a force of coldness they would not be able to endure.
- For two days they remained in this place as if besieged.
- Many men died, many animals died: even 7 elephants perished from those who always overcame until now.
Paragraph 2
- Hannibal, having come down from the Appenines, moved the camp from Placentia and having progressed 10 miles he encamped.
- On the next day he led 12,000 foot soldiers and 15,000 cavalry against the enemy; Sempronius the consul does not flee the battle.
- And on this day 3 miles ( lit. 3000 pases) were between the 2 camps; on the next day they ought with great courage.
- The first force of Rome was so superior that they not only conquered, but they followed the beaten enemy into the camp and they attacked the camp.
- Now it was the 9th hour of the day, when the Roman leader, since there was no hope of capturing the camp, ordered the soldiers to retreat themselves wholly.
- When Hannibal received this, immediately, with the cavalry sent away, he himself broke out with foot soldiers into the enemy from the middle of camp.
- He fought harshly, but night interrupted the battle.
- From each part 600 foot soldiers and 300 cavalry died; but the greater loss was of Rome, because so many men of the equestrian order, and 5 military tribunes, and 3 prefects of the allies were killed.